What Is a Colonoscopy?
A colonoscopy is a procedure that can detect changes or abnormalities in the colon and the rectum. During the procedure, the patient will first be sedated. The physician will then insert a long, flexible tube, called a colonoscope into the rectum and moves it up through the large intestine. A tiny video camera at the tip of the tube gives the doctor a view of the inside of the entire colon. The scope is also equipped with tiny tools that allow the physician to remove precancerous polyps or take small samples of tissue for further study. By scheduling regular colonoscopies, you can catch colorectal cancer in its earliest, most treatable stages – and even prevent cancer by removing polyps.
The Importance of Screening for Colon Cancer
Colorectal cancer almost always develops from abnormal growths in the colon or rectum called polyps. These can easily be detected during a colonoscopy. The majority of polyps found during routine colonoscopy screenings are removed during the procedure before they can develop into cancer.
Why Choose Cooper for Your Colonoscopy?
The Cooper Digestive Health Institute is South Jersey's leading center for colonoscopies and gastrointestinal care. Our board-certified gastroenterologists combine their expertise using state-of-the-art endoscopic techniques and advanced clinical care with personalized support services to ensure you receive the highest quality colonoscopy screening and care. As a high-volume center performing thousands of colonoscopies annually, we have established protocols and a skilled team focused on effective colorectal cancer prevention.
Our team is here to guide you through every step of the colonoscopy process, from preparation to recovery, so you know exactly what to expect. We focus on making the procedure as comfortable as possible while providing accurate diagnostic insights.
When to Start Colon Cancer Screening
Colonoscopies are one of the most effective ways to prevent or identify colorectal cancer. The sooner these abnormal polyps are identified, the more effective your treatment will be. Experts recommend that average-risk men and women begin testing at age 45.
If you have a family history of colorectal cancer or a history of hereditary genetic mutations that increase the risk of colon cancer, you may be a high-risk patient. Colonoscopies for these patients may be recommended at an earlier age. Consult with your physician to determine the timing that is right for you.
Most colonoscopies are covered by insurance. For men and women without insurance or who are underinsured, free colonoscopies are available through our cancer outreach and screening program.
Conditions We Treat
Colonoscopies are a powerful diagnostic tool that help physicians identify and address a wide range of gastrointestinal conditions. The primary conditions we diagnose and treat include:
- Colorectal cancer and precancerous polyps
- Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis
- Diverticulosis and diverticulitis
- Intestinal bleeding
- Anemia of unknown origin
- Changes in bowel habits
Our skilled gastroenterologists can detect and remove polyps during the procedure, preventing potential cancer progression. Colonoscopies provide visualization of inflammation, ulcers, and changes in the intestinal lining, providing critical insights into various digestive conditions.
Early detection through colonoscopy is crucial for many of these conditions. It often leads to more effective treatment options and significantly better outcomes. For colorectal cancer, identifying and removing precancerous polyps can prevent cancer development altogether. For other conditions like IBD, early diagnosis allows for prompt treatment initiation, potentially improving long-term health and quality of life.
Prepping for a Colonoscopy
Your colon has to be empty and clean to ensure our physicians have high visibility during your colonoscopy screening. You’ll receive clear, specific instructions from your doctor ahead of time so you know exactly what to do.
If you have additional questions throughout the preparation process, one of our nurses will go over specifics with you. Our open lines of communication ensure you’re ready and prepared for what comes next.
Preparation can come with some challenges, but there are ways to make it easier. If you feel nauseous or uncomfortable from the laxative, try drinking it through a straw or chilling it beforehand to improve the taste. Additionally, chewing gum or sucking on a lemon wedge can help mask any lingering flavors.
It’s important to clear your schedule for the day before and the day of your procedure to allow for bathroom access, and wearing loose clothing can enhance your comfort during this time. By following these tips and maintaining open communication with your healthcare team, you’ll be well-prepared for your colonoscopy.
During the Procedure
Colonoscopies are brief, taking just 30 minutes or so. At the start, you’ll be given a sedative, which will allow you to sleep through the entire process.
After you are sedated, a thin, flexible tube is inserted to navigate the inner walls of the colon. The goal is to identify small polyps that can eventually turn into cancer. If polyps are seen, they are removed.
After the procedure you may still feel quite groggy from the sedative, so you will need to arrange safe transportation home ahead of time.
Will There Be Side Effects Afterward?
You may feel some slight bloating, cramping, or gas discomfort immediately after the colonoscopy. These mild pains come from the air that is pumped into your colon during the procedure. If a polyp was removed or a biopsy was performed during your colonoscopy, you might notice traces of blood in your stool for a day or two afterward.
It is extremely rare for serious bleeding to occur, but if you do experience heavier bleeding, you should contact your physician immediately.
Other Forms of Colon Cancer Screening
While colonoscopies are considered the gold standard for the early identification of colon cancer, there are alternative procedures that can also be effective. If you want to explore other options, two of the most common include:
- Stool tests for blood (FIT)
- Stool DNA tests (Cologuard)®
Talk to your doctor about the best test for you.
Schedule Your Colonoscopy Today
To schedule at the Cooper Digestive Health Institute locations in Camden, Moorestown, Willingboro, and Mount Laurel, New Jersey call 856.642.2133.
To schedule in Cape May Court House, New Jersey call 609.778.1008.
FAQs
How long does a colonoscopy take?
Colonoscopies typically take about 30 to 60 minutes. However, you should plan to spend a few hours at the facility to account for preparation and recovery time.
Are colonoscopies painful?
Most people experience little to no pain during a colonoscopy, while others may feel mild discomfort. Sedation is provided to help minimize any discomfort during the procedure.
How often should I get a colonoscopy?
For individuals at average risk, a colonoscopy is generally recommended every 10 years, starting at age 50. However, if you have a family history of colorectal cancer or other risk factors, your doctor may suggest more frequent screenings.
Can I take my regular medications before the procedure?
You should inform your doctor about all medications you are taking. Some medications, especially blood thinners or those for diabetes, may need to be adjusted or temporarily stopped before your colonoscopy. Follow your doctor's specific instructions regarding medication use.
What happens if polyps are found during the procedure?
If polyps are discovered during your colonoscopy, they will typically be removed immediately. The removed polyps will be sent for laboratory analysis to check for any signs of cancer or other abnormalities.