Colonoscopy

What Is a Colonoscopy?

A colonoscopy is a procedure used to examine the colon and rectum for changes or abnormalities. It is one of the most effective ways to prevent or detect colorectal cancer. Regular colonoscopies can catch cancer early, when it is most treatable, and prevent cancer by allowing doctors to remove polyps before they become cancerous.

The Importance of Screening for Colon Cancer

Colorectal cancer almost always develops from abnormal growths in the colon or rectum called polyps. These growths can be easily detected during a colonoscopy, often before they become cancerous. Therefore, the sooner any abnormal polyps are identified, the more effective your treatment will be.

When to Start Colon Cancer Screening

Experts recommend that average-risk men and women begin colon cancer screening at age 45.

If you have a family history of colorectal cancer or a known genetic condition that increases your risk, your doctor may recommend starting screenings earlier. Talk with your doctor to determine the right screening plan for you.

Most insurance plans cover routine colonoscopies. For those who are uninsured or underinsured, free colonoscopies may be available through Cooper’s cancer outreach and screening program.

Conditions We Treat with Colonoscopy

A colonoscopy can help diagnose and monitor a wide range of gastrointestinal conditions, including:

• Colorectal cancer and precancerous polyps.
• Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
• Diverticulosis and diverticulitis.
• Intestinal bleeding.
• Anemia of unknown origin.
• Changes in bowel habits.

Our board-certified gastroenterologists can detect and remove polyps during the procedure, preventing their development into cancer. Colonoscopy also provides key visual insights into inflammation, ulcers, and changes in the intestinal lining for various digestive conditions.

Early detection through colonoscopy is crucial for many of these conditions. It often leads to more effective treatment options and significantly better outcomes. For colorectal cancer, identifying and removing precancerous polyps can prevent cancer development altogether. For other conditions like IBD, early diagnosis allows for prompt treatment initiation, potentially improving long-term health and quality of life.

Preparing for a Colonoscopy

To ensure your physician has a clear view of the colon, your colon must be completely empty and clean before the procedure. You will receive detailed instructions from your doctor on how to prepare, and our nurses are available to answer questions and guide you through the process.

Tips for Easier Preparation

• Improving taste of laxatives: Chill the solution beforehand or drink it through a straw if it causes nausea or discomfort.
• Masking flavors: Chewing gum or sucking on a lemon wedge can help reduce lingering taste.
• Plan ahead: Clear your schedule the day before and the day of the procedure to allow for frequent bathroom breaks.
• Comfort: Wear loose, comfortable clothing to make preparation easier.

Following these steps and maintaining open communication with your healthcare team will help you feel confident and prepared for your colonoscopy.

During the Procedure

• A colonoscopy usually takes about 30 minutes.
• You will receive sedation to help you relax or sleep through the procedure.
• A thin, flexible tube (colonoscope) is gently guided through the colon.
• If polyps are found, they can often be removed during the procedure.

After the Procedure

• You may feel groggy or drowsy from the sedative.
• It is essential to arrange safe transportation home ahead of time.
• Your doctor will review any findings and discuss next steps for follow-up care or treatment.

Serious bleeding is rare, but if you do experience heavier bleeding or severe pain, contact your physician immediately.

Other Forms of Colon Cancer Screening

While colonoscopy is considered the gold standard for detecting colon cancer, there are alternative procedures that can also be effective. If you want to explore other options, two of the most common include:

• Stool tests for blood (FIT) – checks for hidden blood in the stool
• Stool DNA tests (Cologuard)® - checks for genetic changes and blood in the stool

Talk to your doctor about the best test for you.

Why Choose Cooper for Your Colonoscopy?

Cooper Gastroenterology is South Jersey's leading center for colonoscopies and gastrointestinal care. You can count on us for:

• Experienced, board-certified specialists: Our high-volume center performing thousands of colonoscopies each year.
• Advanced technology and techniques: We use state-of-the-art equipment for precise diagnosis and treatment.
• Comprehensive support: From prep to recovery, our dedicated team will guide you every step of the way.
• Personalized care: We take the time to answer your questions and ensure your comfort throughout the process.